The exhausted CD4+CXCR5+ T cells involve the pathogenesis of human tuberculosis disease

The exhausted CD4+CXCR5+ T cells involve the pathogenesis of human tuberculosis disease

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Objectives: CD4+CXCR5+ T cells have previously been established.However, their decreased frequency during tuberculosis (TB) disease is only partially understood.The aim of this study was to explore the depletion of CD4+CXCR5+ T cells in human TB.Methods: The frequency and function of CD4+CXCR5+ T cells were evaluated in active TB (ATB) patients and healthy control subjects.

The function of CD4+CXCR5+ T cells was determined after blockade of inhibitory receptors.Results: The frequency of CD4+CXCR5+ T cells was decreased in old taylor whiskey 1933 price ATB patients.The expression of activation markers (HLA-DR and ICOS) and inhibitory receptors (Tim-3 and PD-1) on CD4+CXCR5+ T cells was increased in the ATB group.TB-specific antigen stimulation induced read more higher expression of inhibitory receptors than phytohemagglutinin stimulation in the ATB group.

In contrast, TB antigen stimulation did not induce a significantly increased expression of IL-21 and Ki-67 on CD4+CXCR5+ T cells.However, blockade of inhibitory receptors Tim-3 and PD-1 not only increased the frequency of CD4+CXCR5+ T cells, but also restored their proliferation and cytokine secretion potential.Conclusions: The increased expression of inhibitory receptors involves the depletion of CD4+CXCR5+ T cells, and blockade of inhibitory receptors can restore the function of CD4+CXCR5+ T cells in ATB patients.Keywords: CD4+CXCR5+ T cells, TB disease, Inhibitory receptors, Tim-3, PD-1.